Cordycepin and Diabetes Diabetes has recently become one of the most prevalent epidemics worldwide, affecting almost 382 million people. According to the reports, it is believed that approximately 1.3 million people die every year from diabetes. According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF), it is estimated that around 629 million people will have diabetes around the globe [...]
The genus Cordyceps contains many chemical compounds and their derivatives in the form of secondary metabolites. Such diverse chemical compounds make them quite intriguing in analyzing therapeutic effects and pharmacological studies. Major chemical compounds such as nucleosides, sterols flavonoids, cyclic peptides, phenolic, bioxanthracenes, polyketides, and alkaloids are found in Cordyceps species. While in most of the [...]
Inflammation plays an important role in developing cardiovascular diseases and other comorbidities, such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and obesity. Astaxanthin exerts a marked anti-inflammatory effect, which may be interrelated with its antioxidant effect and contributes to physiological changes that benefit cardiovascular function. Atherosclerosis is a degenerative and chronic disease that affects [...]
Reishi mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, is a well-known Chinese crude drug used clinically in China. The fruit bodies are used for treating neurasthenia, deficiency fatigue, insomnia, bronchial cough in older adults, and carcinoma. Many studies have indicated that water or ethanol extracts of G. lucidum showed protective actions against acute hepatitis in rats or mice. Other reports had previously [...]
Cell membrane systems are particularly vulnerable to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species(RONS) attacks due to their content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolic activities, which endogenously generate other oxidizing metabolites. Astaxanthin protects cell membranes against RONS and oxidative damage. Due to its chemical structure, its polar groups overlap the polar regions of the cell membrane. [...]
Our study showed the discriminating effect of reishi(ganoderma lucidum) extract against cancer cell viability. Reishi extract(1% cracked spores, 13.5% polysaccharides, and 6% triterpenes) can prevent cancer cell viability in 24 h. This compound's studies have demonstrated similar effects on the MDA-MB-231 breast and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines. This effect was not observed in a mammary epithelial [...]
Many studies have observed various cellular and molecular changes in response to Astaxanthin treatment. Consequently, it can be challenging to determine which of these effects may be attributed to the direct mechanisms of action, such as its direct antioxidant activity or indirect downstream effects in response to chronic astaxanthin treatment. We focus below on the early changes resulting [...]